| Terms |
Description |
| Air-dried |
Drying by exposing to dry air (drying under shade) |
| Alluvial soil |
A type of soil developed along the flood plains or river banks |
| Ample sunlight |
The growing condition by which sunlight is more than that is required by the plant (the actual requirement depends on the crop species) |
| Basal dressing |
The fertiliser applied for the initial stage of crop growth |
| Blooming period |
The period(s) of the year when a particular crop species are expected to produce flowers |
| Bris soil |
A sandy type of soil usually found in costal areas in the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak and Sabah. |
| Commercial crops |
Crops that are grown for sale, rather than exclusively for own consumption |
| Commercial drying oven |
Large-scale oven used to dry plant material. |
| Compost |
Organic materials derived from plant and animal matter that has been decomposed largely through aerobic decomposition |
| Disc harrow |
A farm implement that consists of a row of iron or steel discs that are used to plough the land |
| Disc plough |
See: disc harrow |
| Drip-tape |
A special type of tubing used in drip irrigation system |
| Dry weight |
The plant materials that has the moisture content of less than 10% |
| Ex-situ conservation |
Conservation of the crop species outside its natural growth environment (habitat) |
| Excess soil moisture |
The condition by which the soil moisture content is higher than the optimum level (such as under waterlogged conditions) |
| Full maturity |
The stage by which the plant are fully grown, developed or ripe (fruit) and ready to be harvested. |
| Full sunlight |
The growing condition by which the crops are planted under unobstructed sunlight |
| Fully grown plants |
The stage where the plant has developed to their full size and will not grow any bigger |
| Furrow irrigation |
The type of irrigation system by which the water are distributed in furrows between the planting beds |
| Hardening process |
The process of gradually exposing the seedlings to a harsher environment |
| Healthy seedlings |
Seedlings those are vigorous and free from mechanical defects, pests and diseases infestations |
| High humidity |
The condition when the air moisture content is greater than 90% |
| Idle land |
Land that was previously cultivated but is left fallow |
| Mature rhizomes |
Fully grown underground stems |
| Mechanical injury |
Injury of a plant parts either by abrasion or cuts |
| Micro jet |
A type of water dispersal unit that distributes water within a small area |
| Mono-cropping |
The cropping systems where only one particular crop is grown in the same field. |
| Open field production systems |
A system of production by which the crops are planted under full sunlight (no shade effects) |
| Perennial plant |
The type of plant that lives for more than two years. |
| Physiological growth stage |
The stage by which the plants starts to produce the different organs such as leaves, flowers and fruits |
| Planting distance |
The distance between the planting points (within and between rows) |
| Planting season |
The period of the year when climatic conditions are favourable for the crop growth |
| Plastic mulch |
Plastic sheets used to cover the planting beds to suppress weeds and conserve water |
| Ploughing |
To break and turn over soil by using plough |
| Post harvest |
Activities that are related in maintaining the quality of the harvested produce |
| Potting medium |
Material used for growing plants in containers. The composition may include vermiculite, perlite, sand, peat, charcoal, loam and fertilizer. |
| Professional collectors |
The individuals who collected the herbs from the forests and sell to processing companies |
| Propagation |
Production of planting materials, either by vegetative means or seeds |
| Pruning |
The selective removal of parts of a plant |
| Root cuttings |
Cuttings taken from the root of a plant and used for propagation |
| Roto-tillage operation |
The process of improving the soil structure by using rotovator |
| Rotovation |
Process to break up the soil using rotovator |
| Sandy loam |
The type of soil with composition of sand, silt and clay at about 40%, 40% and 20% respectively |
| Shoot cuttings |
Cuttings taken from the young shoot or immature stem of a plant and used for propagation |
| Stem cuttings |
Cuttings taken from the stem of a plant and used for propagation |
| Sufficient water |
Enough water for optimum crop growth |
| Sun-dried |
Drying by exposing directly to the sunlight |
| Time of harvest |
The right time by which the crops are harvested |
| Tin tailing |
A sandy type of soil developed as result of the tin mining activities |
| Vegetative propagation |
The use of vegetative parts of the plants as the source of the planting materials |
| Virgin land |
The land that is never been developed for crop cultivation. |
